Micromechanics and Microstructural Insights into Advanced Joining Materials for Fusion Energy Applications – Materials Strand Project

Image credit: CCFE / JET

Supervisors: Dr Kai Zhang (University of Bristol).

Fusion energy holds great promise as a sustainable and zero-carbon energy source for the future. One of key challenges in developing practical nuclear fusion is that the reactor components must withstand extremely harsh environments, as seen in major projects such as ITER tokamak in France and STEP programme in the UK. These conditions, which involve prolonged high temperatures, thermal cycling, and mechanical stresses, pose significant challenges to the performance and durability of structural materials. Understanding how materials behave under these demanding service conditions, and how their microstructures evolve, is critical for the long-term operation and reliability of fusion reactors.

Advanced Joining techniques, such as additive manufacturing, are essential for achieving the fabrication and integrity of next-generation reactor components. However, key questions remain regarding the mechanical performance and microstructural stability of these joint materials in severe fusion-relevant environments.

This PhD project will focus on investigating the micromechanics and microstructures of advanced joining materials exposed to fusion-relevant conditions. The research will combine state-of-the-art mechanical testing with advanced high-resolution and high-speed characterisation to identify the key mechanisms governing performance. Experimental results will be integrated with computational modelling to provide a deeper understanding of the material behaviour. The outcomes of this project will promote advancing the field of materials and manufacturing for fusion energy systems, guiding the development of robust components for future nuclear fusion reactors. The primary materials to be examined will mainly be steels, as they have extensive use as structural materials of nuclear fusion.

The PhD will benefit from supervision by the university supervisors and non-university partners, along with comprehensive training programmes. These include the initial taught element, as well as ongoing development of skills in communications, leadership, scientific writing, analytical skills and advanced research methods throughout the PhD.

During the first six months of the PhD, materials strand students will typically travel to attend taught modules at all six of the Fusion CDT partner universities.

The project will be mainly based in the University of Bristol, while there is the opportunity for travel to conferences, tests and collaboration with other groups.

This project may be compatible with part time study, please contact the project supervisors if you are interested in exploring this.

This project is being offered by University of Bristol as part of the Fusion CDT Community Studentship scheme. For further information and details of how to apply please contact Dr Kai Zhang (k.zhang@bristol.ac.uk).